A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle. Imagine stacking plates: you add a new plate on top and remove the top plate first.
A queue is a linear data structure that follows the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) principle. Think of a line at a ticket counter: the first person in line is served first.
A linked list is a linear data structure where each element (node) points to the next, forming a chain. This allows efficient insertion and deletion from the list.
A binary tree is a hierarchical data structure where each node can have up to two children. This visualization uses an array to represent a complete binary tree. Parent-child relationships are shown by connecting lines.